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GNU tar: an archiver tool
This manual is for GNU tar
(version
1.32, 4 February 2019), which creates and extracts files
from archives.
Copyright © 1992, 1994-1997, 1999-2001, 2003-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being "GNU General Public License", with the Front-Cover Texts being "A GNU Manual", and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual."
The first part of this master menu lists the major nodes in this Info document. The rest of the menu lists all the lower level nodes.
2. Tutorial Introduction to tar
5. Performing Backups and Restoring Files
6. Choosing Files and Names for tar
8. Controlling the Archive Format
9. Tapes and Other Archive Media
Appendices
Frequently used tar recipes
G. Free Software Needs Free Documentation
H. GNU Free Documentation License
I. Index of Command Line Options
--- The Detailed Node Listing --- Introduction
1.4 How tar
Archives are Named
1.6 Reporting bugs or suggestions
Tutorial Introduction to tar
2.1 Assumptions this Tutorial Makes
2.3 Basic tar
Operations and Options
2.4 The Three Most Frequently Used Operations
2.5 Two Frequently Used Options
2.8 How to Extract Members from an Archive
2.9 Going Further Ahead in this Manual
Two Frequently Used Options
Getting Help: Using the `--help'
Option
How to Create Archives
2.6.1 Preparing a Practice Directory for Examples
2.6.3 Running `--create'
with `--verbose'
2.6.4 Short Forms with `create'
How to List Archives
Listing the Contents of a Stored Directory
How to Extract Members from an Archive
2.8.1 Extracting an Entire Archive
2.8.2 Extracting Specific Files
2.8.3 Extracting Files that are Directories
2.8.4 Extracting Archives from Untrusted Sources
Invoking GNU tar
3.6 Obtaining GNU tar
default values
3.9 Controlling Warning Messages
3.10 Asking for Confirmation During Operations
The Three Option Styles
All tar Options
3.4.3 Short Options Cross Reference
3.4.4 Position-Sensitive Options
GNU tar Operations
4.2 Advanced GNU tar
Operations
4.3 Options Used by `--create'
4.4 Options Used by `--extract'
4.6 Looking Ahead: The Rest of this Manual
Advanced GNU tar Operations
4.2.1 The Five Advanced tar
Operations
4.2.2 How to Add Files to Existing Archives: `--append'
4.2.4 Combining Archives with `--concatenate'
4.2.5 Removing Archive Members Using `--delete'
4.2.6 Comparing Archive Members with the File System
How to Add Files to Existing Archives: `--append'
4.2.2.1 Appending Files to an Archive
4.2.2.2 Multiple Members with the Same Name
Updating an Archive
4.2.3.1 How to Update an Archive Using `--update'
Options Used by `--create'
4.3.1 Overriding File Metadata
4.3.2 Extended File Attributes
Options Used by `--extract'
4.4.1 Options to Help Read Archives
4.4.2 Changing How tar
Writes Files
4.4.3 Coping with Scarce Resources
Options to Help Read Archives
Changing How tar Writes Files
Options Controlling the Overwriting of Existing Files
Setting Data Modification Times
Directory Modification Times and Permissions
Writing to an External Program
Coping with Scarce Resources
Performing Backups and Restoring Files
5.1 Using tar
to Perform Full Dumps
5.2 Using tar
to Perform Incremental Dumps
5.4 Setting Parameters for Backups and Restoration
Setting Parameters for Backups and Restoration
5.4.1 General-Purpose Variables
5.4.4 An Example Text of `Backup-specs'
Choosing Files and Names for tar
6.1 Choosing and Naming Archive Files
Choosing the Archive's Name
6.5 Wildcards Patterns and Matching
Ways of Quoting Special Characters in Names
6.7 Modifying File and Member Names
6.8 Operating Only on New Files
6.9 Descending into Directories
6.10 Crossing File System Boundaries
Reading Names from a File
6.3.1 NUL
-Terminated File Names
Excluding Some Files
Problems with Using the exclude
Options
Wildcards Patterns and Matching
Crossing File System Boundaries
6.10.1 Changing the Working Directory
Changing Directory
Date input formats
Common rules.
19 Dec 1994.
9:20pm.
EST, PDT, GMT.
Monday and others.
7.7 Relative items in date strings
next tuesday, 2 years ago.
7.8 Pure numbers in date strings
19931219, 1440.
@1078100502.
7.10 Specifying time zone rules
TZ="America/New_York", TZ="UTC0".
7.11 Authors of parse_datetime
Bellovin, Eggert, Salz, Berets, et al.
Controlling the Archive Format
8.1 Using Less Space through Compression
8.3 Making tar
Archives More Portable
8.4 Comparison of tar
and cpio
Using Less Space through Compression
8.1.1 Creating and Reading Compressed Archives
Creating and Reading Compressed Archives
8.1.1.1 Using lbzip2 with GNU tar
.
Making tar Archives More Portable
Ustar Archives
8.3.6 GNU and old GNU tar
format
GNU and old GNU format archives.
POSIX archives
8.3.9 Large or Negative Values
Large files, negative time stamps, etc.
8.3.10 How to Extract GNU-Specific Data Using Other tar
Implementations
GNU tar and POSIX tar
8.3.7.1 Controlling Extended Header Keywords
How to Extract GNU-Specific Data Using Other tar Implementations
8.3.10.1 Extracting Members Split Between Volumes
Members Split Between Volumes
8.3.10.2 Extracting Sparse Members
Sparse Members
Tapes and Other Archive Media
9.1 Device Selection and Switching
Device selection and switching
9.3 Some Common Problems and their Solutions
Many archives on one tape
9.7 Including a Label in the Archive
9.8 Verifying Data as It is Stored
Blocking
9.4.2 The Blocking Factor of an Archive
Many Archives on One Tape
9.5.1 Tape Positions and Tape Marks
Using Multiple Tapes
9.6.1 Archives Longer than One Tape or Disk
9.6.3 Concatenate Volumes into a Single Archive
Tar Internals
GNU Extensions to the Archive Format
Format of the Incremental Snapshot Files
Storing Sparse Files
E.0.2 PAX Format, Versions 0.0 and 0.1
Genfile
File Generation Mode.
File Status Mode.
Synchronous Execution mode.
Copying This Manual
H. GNU Free Documentation License
License for copying this manual
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