V7/SVR3.1 (The GNU Awk User’s Guide)
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Gawk/docs/latest/V7 002fSVR3 002e1
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A.1 Major Changes Between V7 and SVR3.1
The awk
language evolved considerably between the release of Version 7 Unix (1978) and the new version that was first made generally available in System V Release 3.1 (1987). This section summarizes the changes, with cross-references to further details:
- The requirement for ‘
;
’ to separate rules on a line (see section awk Statements Versus Lines) - User-defined functions and the
return
statement (see section User-Defined Functions) - The
delete
statement (see section The delete Statement) - The
do
-while
statement (see section The do-while Statement) - The built-in functions
atan2()
,cos()
,sin()
,rand()
, andsrand()
(see section Numeric Functions) - The built-in functions
gsub()
,sub()
, andmatch()
(see section String-Manipulation Functions) - The built-in functions
close()
andsystem()
(see section Input/Output Functions) - The
ARGC
,ARGV
,FNR
,RLENGTH
,RSTART
, andSUBSEP
predefined variables (see section Predefined Variables) - Assignable
$0
(see section Changing the Contents of a Field) - The conditional expression using the ternary operator ‘
?:
’ (see section Conditional Expressions) - The expression ‘
indx in array
’ outside offor
statements (see section Referring to an Array Element) - The exponentiation operator ‘
^
’ (see section Arithmetic Operators) and its assignment operator form ‘^=
’ (see section Assignment Expressions) - C-compatible operator precedence, which breaks some old
awk
programs (see section Operator Precedence (How Operators Nest)) - Regexps as the value of
FS
(see section Specifying How Fields Are Separated) and as the third argument to thesplit()
function (see section String-Manipulation Functions), rather than using only the first character ofFS
- Dynamic regexps as operands of the ‘
~
’ and ‘!~
’ operators (see section Using Dynamic Regexps) - The escape sequences ‘
\b
’, ‘\f
’, and ‘\r
’ (see section Escape Sequences) - Redirection of input for the
getline
function (see section Explicit Input with getline) - Multiple
BEGIN
andEND
rules (see section The BEGIN and END Special Patterns) - Multidimensional arrays (see section Multidimensional Arrays)
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