The skew()
CSS function defines a transformation that skews an element on the 2D plane. Its result is a <transform-function>
data type.
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This transformation is a shear mapping (transvection) that distorts each point within an element by a certain angle in the horizontal and vertical directions. The effect is as if you grabbed each corner of the element and pulled them along a certain angle.
The coordinates of each point are modified by a value proportionate to the specified angle and the distance to the origin. Thus, the farther from the origin a point is, the greater the value added to it.
Syntax
The skew()
function is specified with either one or two values, which represent the amount of skewing to be applied in each direction. If you only specify one value it is used for the x-axis and there will be no skewing on the y-axis.
skew(ax) skew(ax, ay)
Values
ax
- Is an
<angle>
representing the angle to use to distort the element along the x-axis (or abscissa). ay
- Is an
<angle>
representing the angle to use to distort the element along the y-axis (or ordinate). If not defined, its default value is0
, resulting in a purely horizontal skewing.
Cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 | Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 | Cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 | Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 |
---|---|---|---|
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
\\ \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & \\ & & \\ & & \\ & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & \\ & & \\ & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & & \\ & & & \\ & & & \\ & & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
[1 tan(ay) tan(ax) 1 0 0]
|
Examples
Skewing on the x-axis only
HTML
<div>Normal</div>
<div class="skewed">Skewed</div>
CSS
body {
margin: 20px;
}
div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.skewed {
transform: skew(10deg); /* Equal to skewX(10deg) */
background-color: pink;
}
Result
Skewing on both axes
HTML
<div>Normal</div>
<div class="skewed">Skewed</div>
CSS
body {
margin: 20px;
}
div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.skewed {
transform: skew(10deg, 10deg);
background-color: pink;
}
Result
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Transforms Level 1The definition of 'skew()' in that specification. | Working Draft | Initial definition |
Browser compatibility
The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<transform-function>
|
Chrome
Full support 1 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox Full support 3.5 |
IE Full support 9 Full support 9 Notes' Internet Explorer 9 supports 2D but not 3D transforms. In version 9, mixing 2D and 3D transform functions invalidates the entire property. |
Opera
Full support 10.5 |
Safari
Full support 3.1 |
WebView Android
Full support 2 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support 11 |
Safari iOS
Full support 3.2 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
3D support | Chrome
Full support 12 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox
Full support 10 |
IE
Full support 10 |
Opera
Full support 15 |
Safari
Full support 4 |
WebView Android
Full support 3 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 10 |
Opera Android
Full support 14 |
Safari iOS
Full support 3.2 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- See implementation notes.'
- See implementation notes.
See also
skew() by Mozilla Contributors is licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5.