Web/CSS/transform-function/scaleZ()

The scaleZ() CSS function defines a transformation that resizes an element along the z-axis. Its result is a <transform-function> data type.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

This scaling transformation modifies the z-coordinate of each element point by a constant factor, except when the scale factor is 1, in which case the function is the identity transform. The scaling is not isotropic, and the angles of the element are not conserved. scaleZ(-1) defines an axial symmetry, with the z-axis passing through the origin (as specified by the transform-origin property).

In the above interactive examples, perspective: 550px; (to create a 3D space) and transform-style: preserve-3d; (so the children, the 6 sides of the cube, are also positioned in the 3D space), have been set on the cube.

Note: scaleZ(sz) is equivalent to to scale3d(1, 1, sz).

Syntax

scaleZ(s)

Values

s: Is a <number> representing the scaling factor to apply on the z-coordinate of each point of the element.

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ²

Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ²

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ³

Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ³

This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane.

<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}

& & \\
& & \\
& & \\

\end{pmatrix}</math>

<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}

& & & \\
& & & \\
& & & \\
& & & \\

\end{pmatrix}</math>

Examples

HTML

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="perspective">Translated</div>
<div class="scaled-translated">Scaled</div>

CSS

div {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background-color: skyblue;
}

.perspective {
  /* Includes a perspective to create a 3D space */
  transform: perspective(400px) translateZ(-100px);
  background-color: limegreen;
}

.scaled-translated {
  /* Includes a perspective to create a 3D space */
  transform: perspective(400px) scaleZ(2) translateZ(-100px);
  background-color: pink;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Transforms Level 2The definition of 'scaleZ()' in that specification.	Editor's Draft	Initial definition

Browser compatibility

Update compatibility data on GitHub

	Desktop						Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	Android webview	Chrome for Android	Firefox for Android	Opera for Android	Safari on iOS	Samsung Internet
`<transform-function>`	Chrome Full support 1	Edge Full support 12	Firefox Full support 3.5 Notes' Full support 3.5 Notes' Notes' Firefox 14 removed experimental support for `skew()`, but it was reintroduced in Firefox 15. Notes' Before Firefox 16, the translation values of `matrix()` and `matrix3d()` could be `<length>`s, in addition to the standard `<number>`.	IE Full support 9 Notes' Full support 9 Notes' Notes' Internet Explorer 9 supports 2D but not 3D transforms. In version 9, mixing 2D and 3D transform functions invalidates the entire property.	Opera Full support 10.5	Safari Full support 3.1	WebView Android Full support 2	Chrome Android Full support 18	Firefox Android Full support 4	Opera Android Full support 11	Safari iOS Full support 3.2	Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0
3D support	Chrome Full support 12	Edge Full support 12	Firefox Full support 10	IE Full support 10	Opera Full support 15	Safari Full support 4	WebView Android Full support 3	Chrome Android Full support 18	Firefox Android Full support 10	Opera Android Full support 14	Safari iOS Full support 3.2	Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0

Legend

Full support: Full support
See implementation notes.': See implementation notes.