The scale3d()
CSS function defines a transformation that resizes an element in 3D space. Because the amount of scaling is defined by a vector, it can resize different dimensions at different scales. Its result is a <transform-function>
data type.
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This scaling transformation is characterized by a three-dimensional vector. Its coordinates define how much scaling is done in each direction. If all three coordinates are equal, the scaling is uniform (isotropic) and the aspect ratio of the element is preserved (this is a homothetic transformation).
When a coordinate value is outside the [-1, 1] range, the element grows along that dimension; when inside, it shrinks. If it is negative, the result a point reflection in that dimension. A value of 1 has no effect.
Syntax
The scale3d()
function is specified with three values, which represent the amount of scaling to be applied in each direction.
scale3d(sx, sy, sz)
Values
sx
- Is a
<number>
representing the abscissa of the scaling vector. sy
- Is a
<number>
representing the ordinate of the scaling vector. sz
- Is a
<number>
representing the z-component of the scaling vector.
Cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 | Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 | Cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 | Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 |
---|---|---|---|
This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane. | <math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & \\ & & \\ & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & & \\ & & & \\ & & & \\ & & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
Examples
Without changing the origin
HTML
<div>Normal</div>
<div class="scaled">Scaled</div>
CSS
div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.scaled {
transform: perspective(500px) scale3d(2, 0.7, 0.2) translateZ(100px);
background-color: pink;
}
Result
Translating the origin of the transformation
HTML
<div>Normal</div>
<div class="scaled">Scaled</div>
CSS
div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.scaled {
transform: perspective(500px) scale3d(2, 0.7, 0.2) translateZ(100px);
transform-origin: left;
background-color: pink;
}
Result
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Transforms Level 2The definition of 'scale3d()' in that specification. | Editor's Draft | Initial definition |
Browser compatibility
The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<transform-function>
|
Chrome
Full support 1 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox Full support 3.5 |
IE Full support 9 Full support 9 Notes' Internet Explorer 9 supports 2D but not 3D transforms. In version 9, mixing 2D and 3D transform functions invalidates the entire property. |
Opera
Full support 10.5 |
Safari
Full support 3.1 |
WebView Android
Full support 2 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support 11 |
Safari iOS
Full support 3.2 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
3D support | Chrome
Full support 12 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox
Full support 10 |
IE
Full support 10 |
Opera
Full support 15 |
Safari
Full support 4 |
WebView Android
Full support 3 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 10 |
Opera Android
Full support 14 |
Safari iOS
Full support 3.2 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- See implementation notes.'
- See implementation notes.
See also
transform
<transform-function>
scaleZ()
translate3d()
rotate3d()
scale3d() by Mozilla Contributors is licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5.