The matrix()
CSS function defines a homogeneous 2D transformation matrix. Its result is a <transform-function>
data type.
Note: matrix(a, b, c, d, tx, ty)
is a shorthand for matrix3d(a, b, 0, 0, c, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, tx, ty, 0, 1)
.
Syntax
The matrix()
function is specified with six values. The constant values are implied and not passed as parameters; the other parameters are described in the column-major order.
Note: Until Firefox 16, Gecko accepted a <length>
value for tx
and ty
.
matrix(a, b, c, d, tx, ty)
Values
a
b
c
d
- Are
<number>
s describing the linear transformation. tx
ty
- Are
<number>
s describing the translation to apply.
Cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 | Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 | Cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 | Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3 |
---|---|---|---|
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& \\ & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & \\ & & \\ & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & \\ & & \\ & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
<math display="inline">\begin{pmatrix}
& & & \\ & & & \\ & & & \\ & & & \\ \end{pmatrix}</math> |
[a b c d tx ty]
|
The values represent the following functions:
matrix( scaleX(), skewY(), skewX(), scaleY(), translateX(), translateY() )
Examples
HTML
<div>Normal</div>
<div class="changed">Changed</div>
CSS
div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}
.changed {
transform: matrix(1, 2, -1, 1, 80, 80);
background-color: pink;
}
Result
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Transforms Level 1The definition of 'matrix()' in that specification. | Working Draft | Initial definition |
Browser compatibility
The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<transform-function>
|
Chrome
Full support 1 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox Full support 3.5 |
IE Full support 9 Full support 9 Notes' Internet Explorer 9 supports 2D but not 3D transforms. In version 9, mixing 2D and 3D transform functions invalidates the entire property. |
Opera
Full support 10.5 |
Safari
Full support 3.1 |
WebView Android
Full support 2 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support 11 |
Safari iOS
Full support 3.2 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
3D support | Chrome
Full support 12 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox
Full support 10 |
IE
Full support 10 |
Opera
Full support 15 |
Safari
Full support 4 |
WebView Android
Full support 3 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 10 |
Opera Android
Full support 14 |
Safari iOS
Full support 3.2 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- See implementation notes.'
- See implementation notes.
See also
matrix() by Mozilla Contributors is licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5.