The animation-fill-mode
CSS property sets how a CSS animation applies styles to its target before and after its execution.
The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.
It is often convenient to use the shorthand property animation
to set all animation properties at once.
Syntax
/* Single animation */
animation-fill-mode: none;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
animation-fill-mode: backwards;
animation-fill-mode: both;
/* Multiple animations */
animation-fill-mode: none, backwards;
animation-fill-mode: both, forwards, none;
Values
none
- The animation will not apply any styles to the target when it's not executing. The element will instead be displayed using any other CSS rules applied to it. This is the default value.
forwards
- The target will retain the computed values set by the last keyframe encountered during execution. The last keyframe depends on the value of
animation-direction
andanimation-iteration-count
:animation-direction
animation-iteration-count
last keyframe encountered normal
even or odd 100%
orto
reverse
even or odd 0%
orfrom
alternate
even 0%
orfrom
alternate
odd 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
even 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
odd 0%
orfrom
backwards
- The animation will apply the values defined in the first relevant keyframe as soon as it is applied to the target, and retain this during the
animation-delay
period. The first relevant keyframe depends on the value ofanimation-direction
:animation-direction
first relevant keyframe normal
oralternate
0%
orfrom
reverse
oralternate-reverse
100%
orto
both
- The animation will follow the rules for both forwards and backwards, thus extending the animation properties in both directions.
Note: When you specify multiple comma-separated values on an animation-*
property, they will be assigned to the animations specified in the animation-name
property in different ways depending on how many there are. For more information, see Setting multiple animation property values.
Formal definition
Initial value | none
|
Applies to | all elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elements
|
Inherited | no |
Computed value | as specified |
Animation type | discrete |
Formal syntax
<single-animation-fill-mode>#where <single-animation-fill-mode> = none | forwards | backwards | both
Examples
You can see the effect of animation-fill-mode
in the following example. It demonstrates how, for an animation that runs for an infinite time, you can cause it to remain in its final state rather than reverting to the original state (which is the default).
HTML
<p>Move your mouse over the gray box!</p>
<div class="demo">
<div class="growsandstays">This grows and stays big.</div>
<div class="grows">This just grows.</div>
</div>
CSS
.demo {
border-top: 100px solid #ccc;
height: 300px;
}
@keyframes grow {
0% { font-size: 0; }
100% { font-size: 40px; }
}
.demo:hover .grows {
animation-name: grow;
animation-duration: 3s;
}
.demo:hover .growsandstays {
animation-name: grow;
animation-duration: 3s;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
}
See CSS animations for more examples.
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS AnimationsThe definition of 'animation-fill-mode' in that specification. | Working Draft | Initial definition. |
Browser compatibility
The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
animation-fill-mode
|
Chrome Full support 43 Full support 43 Full support 3 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
Edge Full support 12 Full support 12 Full support 12 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
Firefox Full support 16 Full support 16 Full support 49 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz- |
IE
Full support 10 |
Opera Full support 30 Full support 30 Full support 15 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- No support 12.1 — 15 No support 12 — 15 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o- |
Safari Full support 9 Full support 9 Full support 5 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
WebView Android Full support 43 Full support 43 Full support ≤37 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
Chrome Android Full support 43 Full support 43 Full support 18 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
Firefox Android Full support 16 Full support 16 Full support 49 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz- |
Opera Android Full support 30 Full support 30 Full support 14 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- No support 12.1 — 14 No support 12 — 14 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o- |
Safari iOS Full support 9 Full support 9 Full support 4 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
Samsung Internet Android Full support 4.0 Full support 4.0 Full support 1.0 Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- User must explicitly enable this feature.'
- User must explicitly enable this feature.
- Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.'
- Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.
See also
- Using CSS animations
- JavaScript
AnimationEvent
API
animation-fill-mode by Mozilla Contributors is licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5.