Web/CSS/@keyframes

From Get docs


The @keyframes CSS at-rule controls the intermediate steps in a CSS animation sequence by defining styles for keyframes (or waypoints) along the animation sequence. This gives more control over the intermediate steps of the animation sequence than transitions.

Syntax

@keyframes slidein {
  from {
    transform: translateX(0%);
  }

  to {
    transform: translateX(100%);
  }
}

Values

<custom-ident>
A name identifying the keyframe list. This must match the identifier production in CSS syntax.
from
A starting offset of 0%.
to
An ending offset of 100%.
<percentage>
A percentage of the time through the animation sequence at which the specified keyframe should occur.

Description

JavaScript can access the @keyframes at-rule with the CSS object model interface CSSKeyframesRule.

To use keyframes, create a @keyframes rule with a name that is then used by the animation-name property to match an animation to its keyframe declaration. Each @keyframes rule contains a style list of keyframe selectors, which specify percentages along the animation when the keyframe occurs, and a block containing the styles for that keyframe.

You can list the keyframe percentages in any order; they will be handled in the order they should occur.

Valid keyframe lists

If a keyframe rule doesn't specify the start or end states of the animation (that is, 0%/from and 100%/to), browsers will use the element's existing styles for the start/end states. This can be used to animate an element from its initial state and back.

Properties that can't be animated in keyframe rules are ignored, but supported properties will still be animated.

Resolving duplicates

If multiple keyframe sets exist for a given name, the last one encountered by the parser is used. @keyframes rules don't cascade, so animations never derive keyframes from more than one rule set.

If a given animation time offset is duplicated, all keyframes in the @keyframes rule for that percentage are used for that frame. There is cascading within a @keyframes rule if multiple keyframes specify the same percentage values.

When properties are left out of some keyframes

Properties that aren't specified in every keyframe are interpolated if possible — properties that can't be interpolated are dropped from the animation. For example:

@keyframes identifier {
  0% { top: 0; left: 0; }
  30% { top: 50px; }
  68%, 72% { left: 50px; }
  100% { top: 100px; left: 100%; }
}

Here, the top property animates using the 0%, 30%, and 100% keyframes, and left animates using the 0%, 68%, 72% and 100% keyframes.

When a keyframe is defined multiple times

If a keyframe is defined multiple times but not all affected properties are in each keyframe, all values specified in these keyframes are considered. For example:

@keyframes identifier {
  0% { top: 0; }
  50% { top: 30px; left: 20px; }
  50% { top: 10px; }
  100% { top: 0; }
}

In this example, at the 50% keyframe, the values used are top: 10px and left: 20px.

Cascading keyframes are supported starting in Firefox 14.

!important in a keyframe

Declarations in a keyframe qualified with !important are ignored.

@keyframes important1 {
  from { margin-top: 50px; }
  50%  { margin-top: 150px !important; } /* ignored */
  to   { margin-top: 100px; }
}

@keyframes important2 {
  from { margin-top: 50px;
         margin-bottom: 100px; }
  to   { margin-top: 150px !important; /* ignored */
         margin-bottom: 50px; }
}

Formal syntax

@keyframes <keyframes-name> {
  <keyframe-block-list>
}where <keyframes-name> = <custom-ident> | <string><keyframe-block-list> = <keyframe-block>+where <keyframe-block> = <keyframe-selector># {
  <declaration-list>
}where <keyframe-selector> = from | to | <percentage>

Examples

CSS animation examples

See Using CSS animations for examples.

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS AnimationsThe definition of '@keyframes' in that specification. Working Draft

Browser compatibility

Update compatibility data on GitHub

Desktop Mobile
Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari Android webview Chrome for Android Firefox for Android Opera for Android Safari on iOS Samsung Internet
@keyframes

Chrome Full support 43


Full support 43


Full support 2

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-

Edge

Full support 12

Firefox Full support 16

Notes'

Full support 16

Notes'

Notes' @keyframes is unsupported in scoped stylesheets in Firefox (bug 830056). Full support 49

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44

Prefixed' Disabled'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the layout.css.prefixes.webkit preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config. Full support 5

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz-

IE

Full support 10

Opera Full support 30


Full support 30


Full support 15

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- No support 12.1 — 15


No support 12 — 15

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o-

Safari Full support 9


Full support 9


Full support 4

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-

WebView Android Full support 43


Full support 43


Full support ≤37

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-

Chrome Android Full support 43


Full support 43


Full support 18

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-

Firefox Android Full support 16


Full support 16


Full support 49

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44

Prefixed' Disabled'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the layout.css.prefixes.webkit preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config. Full support 5

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz-

Opera Android Full support 30


Full support 30


Full support 14

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- No support 12.1 — 14


No support 12 — 14

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o-

Safari iOS Full support 9


Full support 9


Full support 4

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-

Samsung Internet Android Full support 4.0


Full support 4.0


Full support 1.0

Prefixed'

Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-

Ignore !important declarations Chrome

Full support 45

Edge

Full support 79

Firefox

Full support 19

IE

No support No

Opera

Full support 32

Safari

Full support 10.1

WebView Android

Full support 45

Chrome Android

Full support 45

Firefox Android

Full support 19

Opera Android

Full support 32

Safari iOS

Full support 10.3

Samsung Internet Android

Full support 5.0

Legend

Full support  
Full support
No support  
No support
See implementation notes.'
See implementation notes.
User must explicitly enable this feature.'
User must explicitly enable this feature.
Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.'
Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.


See also