In HTML, link types indicate the relationship between two documents, in which one links to the other using an <a>
, <area>
, <form>
, or <link>
element.
Link Type | Description | Allowed in these elements | Not allowed in these elements |
---|---|---|---|
alternate
|
|
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
archives '
|
Defines a hyperlink to a document that contains an archive link to this one. For example, a blog entry could link to a monthly index page this way.
Note: Although recognized, the singular |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
author
|
Defines a hyperlink to a page describing the author or providing a way to contact the author.
Note: This may be a |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
bookmark
|
Indicates that the hyperlink is a permalink for the nearest ancestor <article> element. If none, it is a permalink for the section that the element is most closely associated to.
This allows for bookmarking a single article in a page containing multiple articles, such as on a monthly summary blog page, or a blog aggregator. |
<a> , <area>
|
<link> , <form>
|
canonical
|
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: Canonical_link_element
A canonical link element is an HTML element that helps webmasters prevent duplicate content issues by specifying the "canonical" or "preferred" version of a web page as part of search engine optimization. |
<link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
dns-prefetch '
|
Hints to the browser that a resource is needed, allowing the browser to do a DNS lookup and protocol handshaking before a user clicks the link. | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
external
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to a resource outside the site of the current page; that is, following the link will make the user leave the site. | <a> , <area> , <form>
|
<link>
|
first '
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to the first resource of the sequence the current page is in.
Note: Other link types related to linking resources in the same sequence are |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
help
|
<a> , <area> , <form> , <link>
|
None. | |
icon
|
Defines a resource for representing the page in the user interface, usually an icon (auditory or visual). In the browser, it is usually referred to as the favicon.
If there are multiple |
<link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
import '
|
HTML Imports | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
index Obsolete since HTML5
|
Indicates that the page is part of a hierarchical structure and that the hyperlink leads to the top level resource of that structure.
If one or several |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
last '
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to the last resource of the sequence the current page is in.
Note: Other link types related to linking resources in the same sequence are |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
license
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to a document describing the licensing information. If not inside the <head> element, the standard doesn't distinguish between a hyperlink applying to a specific part of the document or to the document as a whole. Only the data on the page can indicate this.
Note: Although recognized, the synonym |
<a> , <area> , <form> , <link>
|
None. |
manifest
|
Indicates that the linked file is a Web App Manifest. | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
modulepreload
|
Initiates early (and high-priority) loading of module scripts. | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
next
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to the next resource of the sequence the current page is in.
Note: Other link types related to linking resources in the same sequence are |
<a> , <area> , <form> , <link>
|
None. |
nofollow
|
Indicates that the linked document is not endorsed by the author of this one, for example if it has no control over it, if it is a bad example or if there is commercial relationship between the two (sold link). This link type may be used by some search engines that use popularity ranking techniques. | <a> , <area> , <form>
|
<link>
|
noopener
|
Instructs the browser to open the link without granting the new browsing context access to the document that opened it — by not setting the Note that when |
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
<link>
|
noreferrer
|
Prevents the browser, when navigating to another page, to send this page address, or any other value, as referrer via the Referer: HTTP header.
(In Firefox, before Firefox 37, this worked only in links found in pages. Links clicked in the UI, like "Open in a new tab" via the contextual menu, ignored this). |
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
<link>
|
opener '
|
Reverts implicit rel="noopener" addition on links with target="_blank" (See related HTML spec discussion, WebKit change, and Firefox bug discussion).
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
<link>
|
pingback
|
Defines an external resource URI to call if one wishes to make a comment or a citation about the webpage. The protocol used to make such a call is defined in the Pingback 1.0 specification.
Note: if the |
<link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
preconnect '
|
Provides a hint to the browser suggesting that it open a connection to the linked web site in advance, without disclosing any private information or downloading any content, so that when the link is followed the linked content can be fetched more quickly. | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
prefetch
|
Suggests that the browser fetch the linked resource in advance, as it is likely to be requested by the user. Starting with Firefox 44, the value of the crossorigin attribute is taken into consideration, making it possible to make anonymous prefetches.
Note: The Link Prefetch FAQ has details on which links can be prefetched and on alternative methods. |
<link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
preload
|
Tells the browser to download a resource because this resource will be needed later during the current navigation. See Preloading content with rel="preload" for more details. | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
prerender '
|
Suggests that the browser fetch the linked resource in advance, and that it also render the prefetched content offscreen so it can be quickly presented to the user once needed. | <link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
prev
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to the preceding resource of the sequence the current page is in.
Note: You can also use the |
<a> , <area> , <link> , <form>
|
None. |
search
|
Indicates that the hyperlink references a document whose interface is specially designed for searching in this document, or site, and its resources.
If the |
<a> , <area> , <link> , <form>
|
None. |
shortlink
|
shortlink Specification
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: URL shortening Some websites create short links to make sharing links via instant messaging easier. |
<link>
|
??? |
sidebar ' Obsolete since Gecko 63
|
Indicates that the hyperlink leads to a resource that would be better suited for a secondary browsing context, like a sidebar. Browsers, that don't have such a context will ignore this keyword.
While once part of the HTML specification, this has been removed from the spec and is only implemented by versions of Firefox prior to Firefox 63. |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
stylesheet
|
Defines an external resource to be used as a stylesheet. If the type is not set, the browser should assume it is a text/css stylesheet until further inspection.
If used in combination with the |
<link>
|
<a> , <area> , <form>
|
tag
|
Indicates that the hyperlink refers to a document describing a tag that applies to this document.
Note: This link type should not be set on links to a member of a tag cloud as these do not apply to a single document but to a set of pages. |
<a> , <area>
|
<link> , <form>
|
up '
|
Indicates that the page is part of a hierarchical structure and that the hyperlink leads to the higher level resource of that structure.
The number of |
<a> , <area> , <link>
|
<form>
|
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
PreloadThe definition of 'preload' in that specification. | Candidate Recommendation | Added preload .
|
Resource HintsThe definition of 'preconnect' in that specification. | Working Draft | Added dns-prefetch , preconnect , and prerender values.
|
HTML Living StandardThe definition of 'link types' in that specification. | Living Standard | Added opener and made noopener the default behavior for target="_blank" links.
|
HTML5The definition of 'link types' in that specification. | Recommendation | Added tag , search , prefetch , noreferrer , nofollow , icon , and author .
Renamed |
HTML 4.01 SpecificationThe definition of 'link types' in that specification. | Recommendation | Added alternate , stylesheet , start , chapter , section , subsection , appendix , and bookmark .
Renamed |
UnknownThe definition of '<link>' in that specification. | Obsolete | Added top , contents , index , glossary , copyright , next , previous , help , and search .
|
RFC 1866: HTML 2.0 | Obsolete | Initial definition. |
Browser compatibility
The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rel
|
Chrome
Full support 1 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox
Full support 1 |
IE
Full support Yes |
Opera
Full support Yes |
Safari
Full support Yes |
WebView Android
Full support Yes |
Chrome Android
Full support Yes |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support Yes |
Safari iOS
Full support Yes |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support Yes |
Alternative stylesheets. | Chrome
No support 1 — 48 |
Edge
? |
Firefox
Full support 3 |
IE
Full support 8 |
Opera
Full support Yes |
Safari
? |
WebView Android
? |
Chrome Android
? |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
? |
Safari iOS
? |
Samsung Internet Android
? |
Chrome
Full support 46 |
Edge
Full support ≤79 |
Firefox
Full support 3 |
IE
? |
Opera
Full support 33 |
Safari
? |
WebView Android
Full support 46 |
Chrome Android
Full support Yes |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
? |
Safari iOS
? |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support Yes | |
icon
|
Chrome Full support 4 Full support 4 Notes' If both ICO and PNG are available, will use ICO over PNG if ICO has better matching sizes set. (Per caniuse.com.) |
Edge Full support 12 Full support 12 Notes' In version 79 and later (Blink-based Edge), if both ICO and PNG are available, will use ICO over PNG if ICO has better matching sizes set. (Per caniuse.com.) |
Firefox
Full support 2 |
IE
Full support 11 |
Opera Full support 9 Full support 9 Notes' In version 15 and later (Blink-based Opera), if both ICO and PNG are available, will use ICO over PNG if ICO has better matching sizes set. (Per caniuse.com.) |
Safari Full support 3.1 Full support 3.1 Notes' If both ICO and PNG are available, will ALWAYS use ICO file, regardless of sizes set. (Per caniuse.com.) |
WebView Android
Full support 38 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
No support No |
Safari iOS No support No No support No Notes' Does not use favicons at all (but may have alternative for bookmarks, etc.). (Per caniuse.com.) |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 4.0 |
Chrome
No support No |
Edge
No support No |
Firefox
? |
IE
? |
Opera
No support No |
Safari
? |
WebView Android
Full support 39 |
Chrome Android
Full support 39 |
Firefox Android
? |
Opera Android
? |
Safari iOS
? |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 4.0 | |
Chrome
Full support 66 |
Edge
Full support ≤79 |
Firefox
? |
IE
? |
Opera
Full support 53 |
Safari
? |
WebView Android
Full support 66 |
Chrome Android
Full support 66 |
Firefox Android
? |
Opera Android
Full support 47 |
Safari iOS
? |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 9.0 | |
Chrome
Full support 46 |
Edge
Full support 79 |
Firefox Full support 39 Full support 39 Notes' Before Firefox 41, it doesn't obey the |
IE
No support No |
Opera
Full support 33 |
Safari
Full support 11.1 |
WebView Android
Full support 46 |
Chrome Android
Full support 46 |
Firefox Android Full support 39 Full support 39 Notes' Before Firefox 41, it doesn't obey the |
Opera Android
Full support 33 |
Safari iOS
Full support 11.3 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 4.0 | |
Chrome
Full support 8 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox
Full support 2 |
IE
Full support 11 |
Opera
Full support 15 |
Safari
No support No |
WebView Android
Full support 4.4 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support 14 |
Safari iOS
No support No |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.5 | |
Chrome
Full support 50 |
Edge
Full support ≤79 |
Firefox No support 56 — 57 No support 56 — 57 Notes' Disabled due to various web compatibility issues (e.g. bug 1405761). |
IE
? |
Opera
Full support 37 |
Safari
? |
WebView Android
Full support 50 |
Chrome Android
Full support 50 |
Firefox Android No support 56 — 57 No support 56 — 57 Notes' Disabled due to various web compatibility issues (e.g. bug 1405761). |
Opera Android
? |
Safari iOS
? |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 5.0 | |
Chrome
Full support 13 |
Edge
Full support 79 |
Firefox
No support No |
IE
Full support 11 |
Opera
Full support 15 |
Safari
No support No |
WebView Android
Full support 4.4 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
No support No |
Opera Android
Full support 14 |
Safari iOS
No support No |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.5 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- No support
- No support
- Compatibility unknown
- Compatibility unknown
- Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.'
- Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.
- Non-standard. Expect poor cross-browser support.'
- Non-standard. Expect poor cross-browser support.
- See implementation notes.'
- See implementation notes.
Link types by Mozilla Contributors is licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5.