Web/CSS/radial-gradient()

The radial-gradient() CSS function creates an image consisting of a progressive transition between two or more colors that radiate from an origin. Its shape may be a circle or an ellipse. The function's result is an object of the <gradient> data type, which is a special kind of <image>.

Syntax

/* A gradient at the center of its container,
   starting red, changing to blue, and finishing green */
radial-gradient(circle at center, red 0, blue, green 100%)

A radial gradient is specified by indicating the center of the gradient (where the 0% ellipse will be) and the size and shape of the ending shape (the 100% ellipse).

Values

<position>

The position of the gradient, interpreted in the same way as background-position or transform-origin. If unspecified, it defaults to center.

<ending-shape>

The gradient's ending-shape. The value can be circle (meaning that the gradient's shape is a circle with a constant radius) or ellipse (meaning that the shape is an axis-aligned ellipse). If unspecified, it defaults to ellipse.

<size>

Determines the size of the gradient’s ending shape. If omitted it defaults to farthest-corner. It can be given explicitly or by keyword. For the purpose of the keyword definitions, consider the gradient box edges as extending infinitely in both directions, rather than being finite line segments. Both circle and ellipse gradients accept the following keywords for their <size>:

Keyword	Description
`closest-side`	The gradient's ending shape meets the side of the box closest to its center (for circles) or meets both the vertical and horizontal sides closest to the center (for ellipses).
`closest-corner`	The gradient's ending shape is sized so that it exactly meets the closest corner of the box from its center.
`farthest-side`	Similar to `closest-side`, except the ending shape is sized to meet the side of the box farthest from its center (or vertical and horizontal sides).
`farthest-corner`	The default value, the gradient's ending shape is sized so that it exactly meets the farthest corner of the box from its center.

If <ending-shape> is specified as circle or is omitted, the size may be given explicitly as a <length>, which provides an explicit circle radius. Negative values are invalid. If <ending-shape> is specificed as ellipse or is ommitted, the size may be given as a <length-percentage> with two values to provide an explicit ellipse size. The first value represents the horizontal radius, the second the vertical radius. Percentages values are relative to the corresponding dimension of the gradient box. Negative values are invalid.

<linear-color-stop>

A color-stop's <color> value, followed by an one or two optional stop positions (either a <percentage> or a <length> along the gradient's axis). A percentage of 0%, or a length of 0, represents the center of the gradient; the value 100% represents the intersection of the ending shape with the virtual gradient ray. Percentage values in between are linearly positioned on the gradient ray. Including two stop positions is equivalent to declaring two color stops with the same color at the two positions.

<color-hint>

Th color-hint is an interpolation hint defining how the gradient progresses between adjacent color stops. The length defines at which point between two color stops the gradient color should reach the midpoint of the color transition. If omitted, the midpoint of the color transition is the midpoint between two color stops.

Description

As with any gradient, a radial gradient has no intrinsic dimensions; i.e., it has no natural or preferred size, nor a preferred ratio. Its concrete size will match the size of the element it applies to.

To create a radial gradient that repeats so as to fill its container, use the repeating-radial-gradient() function instead.

Because <gradient>s belong to the <image> data type, they can only be used where <image>s can be used. For this reason, radial-gradient() won't work on background-color and other properties that use the <color> data type.

Composition of a radial gradient

[[File:../../../../../media.prod.mdn.mozit.cloud/attachments/2012/07/29/3795/da682f6fe5cfc847058ace51ea1cfc04/radial%20gradient.png]]A radial gradient is defined by a center point, an ending shape, and two or more color-stop points.

To create a smooth gradient, the radial-gradient() function draws a series of concentric shapes radiating out from the center to the ending shape (and potentially beyond). The ending shape may be either a circle or an ellipse.

Color-stop points are positioned on a virtual gradient ray that extends horizontally from the center towards the right. Percentage-based color-stop positions are relative to the intersection between the ending shape and this gradient ray, which represents 100%. Each shape is a single color determined by the color on the gradient ray it intersects.

Examples

Simple gradient

<div class="radial-gradient"></div>

.radial-gradient {
  width: 240px;
  height: 120px;
}

.radial-gradient {
  background-image: radial-gradient(cyan 0%, transparent 20%, salmon 40%);
}

Non-centered gradient

<div class="radial-gradient"></div>

.radial-gradient {
  width: 240px;
  height: 120px;
}

.radial-gradient {
  background-image: radial-gradient(farthest-corner at 40px 40px,
      #f35 0%, #43e 100%);
}

More radial-gradient examples

Please see Using CSS gradients for more examples.

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Images Module Level 3The definition of 'radial-gradients()' in that specification.	Candidate Recommendation	Initial definition.

Browser compatibility

Update compatibility data on GitHub

	Desktop						Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	Android webview	Chrome for Android	Firefox for Android	Opera for Android	Safari on iOS	Samsung Internet
`radial-gradient()`	Chrome Full support 26 Full support 26 Full support 13 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-	Edge Full support 12	Firefox Full support 16 Notes' Full support 16 Notes' Notes' Before Firefox 36, gradients weren't applied on the pre-multiplied color space, leading to shades of grey unexpectedly appearing when used with transparency. Full support 3.6 Prefixed' Notes' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz- Notes' Since Firefox 42, the prefixed version of gradients can be disabled by setting `layout.css.prefixes.gradients` to `false`. Full support 49 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44 Prefixed' Disabled' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the `layout.css.prefixes.webkit` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	IE Full support 10 Notes' Full support 10 Notes' Notes' Internet Explorer 5.5 through 9.0 supported gradients via a proprietary filter: `-ms-filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Gradient()`.	Opera Full support 12.1 Full support 12.1 No support 11.6 — 15 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o- Full support 15 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-	Safari Full support 6.1 Full support 6.1 Full support 5.1 Prefixed' Notes' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Notes' Safari 4 was supporting an experimental `-webkit-gradient(radial,…)` function. This old outdated syntax is still supported for compatibility purposes.	WebView Android Full support ≤37 Full support ≤37 Full support ≤37 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-	Chrome Android Full support 26 Full support 26 Full support 18 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-	Firefox Android Full support 16 Notes' Full support 16 Notes' Notes' Before Firefox 36, gradients weren't applied on the pre-multiplied color space, leading to shades of grey unexpectedly appearing when used with transparency. Full support 4 Prefixed' Notes' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz- Notes' Since Firefox 42, the prefixed version of gradients can be disabled by setting `layout.css.prefixes.gradients` to `false`. Full support 49 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44 Prefixed' Disabled' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the `layout.css.prefixes.webkit` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	Opera Android Full support 12.1 Full support 12.1 No support 12 — 14 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o- Full support 14 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-	Safari iOS Full support 6.1 Full support 6.1 Full support 6 Prefixed' Notes' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Notes' Safari 4 was supporting an experimental `-webkit-gradient(radial,…)` function. This old outdated syntax is still supported for compatibility purposes.	Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.5 Full support 1.5 Full support 1.0 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
`at` syntax	Chrome Full support 26	Edge Full support 12	Firefox Full support 16 Notes' Full support 16 Notes' Notes' Before Firefox 36, gradients weren't applied on the pre-multiplied color space, leading to shades of grey unexpectedly appearing when used with transparency. Full support 10 Prefixed' Notes' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz- Notes' Since Firefox 42, the prefixed version of gradients can be disabled by setting `layout.css.prefixes.gradients` to `false`. Full support 49 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Full support 44 Prefixed' Disabled' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit- Disabled' From version 44: this feature is behind the `layout.css.prefixes.webkit` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	IE Full support 10	Opera Full support 15 Full support 15 No support 11.6 — 15 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o-	Safari No support No	WebView Android Full support ≤37	Chrome Android Full support 26	Firefox Android Full support 16 Full support 16 Full support 10 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz-	Opera Android Full support 14 Full support 14 No support 12 — 14 Prefixed' Prefixed' Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o-	Safari iOS No support No	Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.5
Double-position color stops	Chrome Full support 71	Edge Full support 79	Firefox Full support 64	IE No support No	Opera Full support 58	Safari Full support 12.1	WebView Android Full support 71	Chrome Android Full support 71	Firefox Android Full support 64	Opera Android Full support 50	Safari iOS Full support 12.2	Samsung Internet Android Full support 10.0
Interpolation Hints / Gradient Midpoints	Chrome Full support 40	Edge Full support 79	Firefox Full support 36	IE No support No	Opera Full support 27	Safari Full support 6.1	WebView Android Full support 40	Chrome Android Full support 40	Firefox Android Full support 36	Opera Android Full support 27	Safari iOS Full support 6.1	Samsung Internet Android Full support 4.0

Legend

Full support: Full support
No support: No support
See implementation notes.': See implementation notes.
User must explicitly enable this feature.': User must explicitly enable this feature.
Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.': Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.

Quantum CSS notes

Gecko used to have a long-standing bug whereby radial gradients like radial-gradient(circle gold,red) would work, even though they shouldn't because of the missing comma between circle and gold. Also, calc expressions were rejected — causing the value to be invalid — when used as the radius component of a radial-gradient() function (bug 1376019). Firefox's new parallel CSS engine (also known as Quantum CSS or Stylo, released in Firefox 57) fixed these bugs.