The margin
CSS property sets the margin area on all four sides of an element. It is a shorthand for margin-top
, margin-right
, margin-bottom
, and margin-left
.
The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.
The top and bottom margins have no effect on non-replaced inline elements, such as <span>
or <code>
.
Note: Margins create extra space around an element. In contrast, padding
creates extra space within an element.
Syntax
/* Apply to all four sides */ margin: 1em; margin: -3px; /* vertical | horizontal */ margin: 5% auto; /* top | horizontal | bottom */ margin: 1em auto 2em; /* top | right | bottom | left */ margin: 2px 1em 0 auto; /* Global values */ margin: inherit; margin: initial; margin: unset;
The margin
property may be specified using one, two, three, or four values. Each value is a <length>
, a <percentage>
, or the keyword auto
. Negative values draw the element closer to its neighbors than it would be by default.
- When one value is specified, it applies the same margin to all four sides.
- When two values are specified, the first margin applies to the top and bottom, the second to the left and right.
- When three values are specified, the first margin applies to the top, the second to the right and left, the third to the bottom.
- When four values are specified, the margins apply to the top, right, bottom, and left in that order (clockwise).
Values
<length>
- The size of the margin as a fixed value.
<percentage>
- The size of the margin as a percentage, relative to the width of the containing block.
auto
- The browser selects a suitable margin to use. For example, in certain cases this value can be used to center an element.
Formal syntax
[ <length> | <percentage> | auto ]{1,4}
Examples
Simple example
HTML
<div class="center">This element is centered.</div>
<div class="outside">This element is positioned outside of its container.</div>
CSS
.center { margin: auto; background: lime; width: 66%; } .outside { margin: 3rem 0 0 -3rem; background: cyan; width: 66%; }
More examples
margin: 5%; /* All sides: 5% margin */
margin: 10px; /* All sides: 10px margin */
margin: 1.6em 20px; /* top and bottom: 1.6em margin */
/* left and right: 20px margin */
margin: 10px 3% -1em; /* top: 10px margin */
/* left and right: 3% margin */
/* bottom: -1em margin */
margin: 10px 3px 30px 5px; /* top: 10px margin */
/* right: 3px margin */
/* bottom: 30px margin */
/* left: 5px margin */
margin: 2em auto; /* top and bottom: 2em margin */
/* Box is horizontally centered */
margin: auto; /* top and bottom: 0 margin */
/* Box is horizontally centered */
Notes
Horizontal centering
To center something horizontally in modern browsers, you can use display
: flex;
justify-content
: center;
.
However, in older browsers like IE8-9 that do not support Flexible Box Layout, these are not available. In order to center an element inside its parent, use margin: 0 auto;
.
Margin collapsing
Elements' top and bottom margins are sometimes collapsed into a single margin that is equal to the larger of the two margins. See Mastering margin collapsing for more information.
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Basic Box ModelThe definition of 'margin' in that specification. | Working Draft | No significant change. |
CSS Level 2 (Revision 1)The definition of 'margin' in that specification. | Recommendation | Removes the effect of top and bottom margins on inline elements. |
CSS Level 1The definition of 'margin' in that specification. | Recommendation | Initial definition. |
Initial value |
as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
Applies to | all elements, except elements with table display types other than table-caption , table and inline-table . It also applies to ::first-letter and ::first-line .
|
Inherited | no |
Percentages | refer to the width of the containing block |
Computed value |
as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
Animation type | a length |
Browser compatibility
The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.
Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
margin
|
Chrome
Full support 1 |
Edge
Full support 12 |
Firefox
Full support 1 |
IE
Full support 3 |
Opera
Full support 3.5 |
Safari
Full support 1 |
WebView Android
Full support 1 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support 10.1 |
Safari iOS
Full support 1 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
auto
|
Chrome
Full support 1 |
Edge Full support 12 Full support 12 Notes' The |
Firefox
Full support 1 |
IE Full support 6 Full support 6 Notes' The |
Opera
Full support 3.5 |
Safari
Full support 1 |
WebView Android
Full support 37 |
Chrome Android
Full support 18 |
Firefox Android
Full support 4 |
Opera Android
Full support 14 |
Safari iOS
Full support 1 |
Samsung Internet Android
Full support 1.0 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- See implementation notes.'
- See implementation notes.
See also
- Introduction to the CSS basic box model
- Margin collapsing
margin-top
,margin-right
,margin-bottom
, andmargin-left
- The mapped logical properties:
margin-block-start
,margin-block-end
,margin-inline-start
, andmargin-inline-end
and the shorthandsmargin-block
andmargin-inline
margin by Mozilla Contributors is licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.5.