Web/CSS/grid-template-columns

The grid-template-columns CSS property defines the line names and track sizing functions of the grid columns.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

Syntax

/* Keyword value */
grid-template-columns: none;

/* <track-list> values */
grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr;
grid-template-columns: [linename] 100px;
grid-template-columns: [linename1] 100px [linename2 linename3];
grid-template-columns: minmax(100px, 1fr);
grid-template-columns: fit-content(40%);
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 200px);
grid-template-columns: subgrid;
grid-template-columns: masonry;

/* <auto-track-list> values */
grid-template-columns: 200px repeat(auto-fill, 100px) 300px;
grid-template-columns: minmax(100px, max-content)
                       repeat(auto-fill, 200px) 20%;
grid-template-columns: [linename1] 100px [linename2]
                       repeat(auto-fit, [linename3 linename4] 300px)
                       100px;
grid-template-columns: [linename1 linename2] 100px
                       repeat(auto-fit, [linename1] 300px) [linename3];

/* Global values */
grid-template-columns: inherit;
grid-template-columns: initial;
grid-template-columns: unset;

Values

none

Indicates that there is no explicit grid. Any columns will be implicitly generated and their size will be determined by the grid-auto-columns property.

[linename]

A <custom-ident> specifying a name for the line in that location. The ident may be any valid string other then the reserved words span and auto. Lines may have multiple names separated by a space inside the square brackets, for example [line-name-a line-name-b].

<length>

A non-negative length, giving the width of the column.

<percentage>

Is a non-negative <percentage> value relative to the inline size of the grid container. If the size of the grid container depends on the size of its tracks, then the percentage must be treated as auto. The intrinsic size contributions of the track may be adjusted to the size of the grid container and increase the final size of the track by the minimum amount that would result in honoring the percentage.

<flex>

Is a non-negative dimension with the unit fr specifying the track’s flex factor. Each <flex>-sized track takes a share of the remaining space in proportion to its flex factor.

When appearing outside a minmax() notation, it implies an automatic minimum (i.e. minmax(auto, <flex>)).

max-content

Is a keyword representing the largest maximal content contribution of the grid items occupying the grid track.

min-content

Is a keyword representing the largest minimal content contribution of the grid items occupying the grid track.

minmax(min, max)

Is a functional notation that defines a size range greater than or equal to min and less than or equal to max. If max is smaller than min, then max is ignored and the function is treated as min. As a maximum, a <flex> value sets the track’s flex factor. It is invalid as a minimum.

auto

Is a keyword that is identical to maximal content if it's a maximum. As a minimum it represents the largest minimum size (as specified by min-width/min-height) of the grid items occupying the grid track.

Note: auto track sizes (and only auto track sizes) can be stretched by the align-content and justify-content properties.

fit-content( [ <length> | <percentage> ] )

Represents the formula min(max-content, max(auto, argument)), which is calculated similar to auto (i.e. minmax(auto, max-content)), except that the track size is clamped at argument if it is greater than the auto minimum.

repeat( [ <positive-integer> | auto-fill | auto-fit ] , <track-list> )

Represents a repeated fragment of the track list, allowing a large number of columns that exhibit a recurring pattern to be written in a more compact form.

masonry '

The masonry value indicates that this axis should be laid out according to the masonry algorithm.

subgrid

The subgrid value indicates that the grid will adopt the spanned portion of its parent grid in that axis. Rather than being specified explicitly, the sizes of the grid rows/columns will be taken from the parent grid’s definition.

The masonry value is from Level 3 of the Grid specification and currently only has an experimental implementation behind a flag in Firefox.

The subgrid value is from Level 2 of the Grid specification and currently only has implementation in Firefox 71 and onwards.

Formal definition

Initial value	`none`
Applies to	grid containers
Inherited	no
Percentages	refer to corresponding dimension of the content area
Computed value	as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths
Animation type	simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list

Formal syntax

none | <track-list> | <auto-track-list> | subgrid <line-name-list>?where <track-list> = [ <line-names>? [ <track-size> | <track-repeat> ] ]+ <line-names>?<auto-track-list> = [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>? <auto-repeat>
[ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>?<line-name-list> = [ <line-names> | <name-repeat> ]+where <line-names> = '[' <custom-ident>* ']'<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) | fit-content( [ <length> | <percentage> ] )<track-repeat> = repeat( [ <positive-integer> ] , [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>? )<fixed-size> = <fixed-breadth> | minmax( <fixed-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) | minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <fixed-breadth> )<fixed-repeat> = repeat( [ <positive-integer> ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )<auto-repeat> = repeat( [ auto-fill | auto-fit ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )where <track-breadth> = <length-percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto<fixed-breadth> = <length-percentage>where <length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

Examples

Specifying grid column sizes

HTML

<div id="grid">
  <div id="areaA">A</div>
  <div id="areaB">B</div>
</div>

CSS

#grid {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  grid-template-columns: 50px 1fr;
}

#areaA {
  background-color: lime;
}

#areaB {
  background-color: yellow;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Grid LayoutThe definition of 'grid-template-columns' in that specification.	Candidate Recommendation	Initial definition
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2The definition of 'subgrid' in that specification.	Working Draft	Adds subgrid
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 3The definition of 'masonry layout' in that specification.	Editor's Draft	Adds masonry

Browser compatibility

Update compatibility data on GitHub

	Desktop						Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari	Android webview	Chrome for Android	Firefox for Android	Opera for Android	Safari on iOS	Samsung Internet
`grid-template-columns`	Chrome Full support 57 Full support 57 Full support 29 Disabled' Disabled' From version 29: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.	Edge Full support 16 Full support 16 No support 12 — 79 Alternate Name' Alternate Name' Uses the non-standard name: `-ms-grid-columns`	Firefox Full support 52 Full support 52 No support 40 — 59 Disabled' Disabled' From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	IE Full support 10 Alternate Name' Full support 10 Alternate Name' Alternate Name' Uses the non-standard name: `-ms-grid-columns`	Opera Full support 44 Full support 44 Full support 28 Disabled' Disabled' From version 28: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference.	Safari Full support 10.1	WebView Android Full support 57	Chrome Android Full support 57 Full support 57 Full support 29 Disabled' Disabled' From version 29: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.	Firefox Android Full support 52 Full support 52 No support 40 — 59 Disabled' Disabled' From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	Opera Android Full support 43 Full support 43 Full support 28 Disabled' Disabled' From version 28: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference.	Safari iOS Full support 10.3	Samsung Internet Android Full support 6.0
Animation of tracks	Chrome No support No	Edge No support No	Firefox Full support 66	IE No support No	Opera No support No	Safari No support No	WebView Android No support No	Chrome Android No support No	Firefox Android Full support 66	Opera Android No support No	Safari iOS No support No	Samsung Internet Android No support No
`fit-content()`	Chrome Full support 29	Edge Full support 16	Firefox Full support 51	IE No support No	Opera Full support 44	Safari Full support 10.1	WebView Android Full support 57	Chrome Android Full support 57	Firefox Android Full support 51	Opera Android Full support 43	Safari iOS Full support 10.3	Samsung Internet Android Full support 6.0
`minmax()`	Chrome Full support 57 Full support 57 Full support 29 Disabled' Disabled' From version 29: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.	Edge Full support 16	Firefox Full support 52 Full support 52 No support 40 — 59 Disabled' Disabled' From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	IE No support No	Opera Full support 44 Full support 44 Full support 28 Disabled' Disabled' From version 28: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference.	Safari Full support 10.1	WebView Android Full support 57	Chrome Android Full support 57 Full support 57 Full support 29 Disabled' Disabled' From version 29: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.	Firefox Android Full support 52 Full support 52 No support 40 — 59 Disabled' Disabled' From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	Opera Android Full support 43 Full support 43 Full support 28 Disabled' Disabled' From version 28: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference.	Safari iOS Full support 10.3	Samsung Internet Android Full support 6.0
`repeat()`	Chrome Full support 57 Full support 57 Full support 38 Disabled' Disabled' From version 38: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.	Edge Full support 16	Firefox Full support 76 Full support 76 No support 57 — 76 Notes' Notes' `repeat(auto-fill, ...)` and `repeat(auto-fit, ...)` only support one repeated column (see bug 1341507). No support 52 — 57 Notes' Notes' `calc()` doesn't work in `repeat()` (see bug 1350069). No support 40 — 59 Disabled' Disabled' From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	IE No support No	Opera Full support 44 Full support 44 Full support 28 Disabled' Disabled' From version 28: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference.	Safari Full support 10.1	WebView Android Full support 57	Chrome Android Full support 57 Full support 57 Full support 38 Disabled' Disabled' From version 38: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.	Firefox Android Full support 52 Full support 52 No support 40 — 59 Disabled' Disabled' From version 40 until version 59 (exclusive): this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	Opera Android Full support 43 Full support 43 Full support 28 Disabled' Disabled' From version 28: this feature is behind the `Enable experimental Web Platform features` preference.	Safari iOS Full support 10.3	Samsung Internet Android Full support 6.0
`subgrid`	Chrome No support No	Edge No support No	Firefox Full support 71 Full support 71 Full support 69 Notes' Disabled' Notes' Enabled by default in Firefox Nightly. Disabled' From version 69: this feature is behind the `layout.css.grid-template-subgrid-value.enabled` preference (needs to be set to `true`). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.	IE No support No	Opera No support No	Safari No support No	WebView Android No support No	Chrome Android No support No	Firefox Android No support No	Opera Android No support No	Safari iOS No support No	Samsung Internet Android No support No

Legend

Full support: Full support
No support: No support
See implementation notes.': See implementation notes.
User must explicitly enable this feature.': User must explicitly enable this feature.
Uses a non-standard name.': Uses a non-standard name.