Pipenv: Python Dev Workflow for Humans — pipenv documentation
Pipenv: Python Dev Workflow for Humans
https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pipenv.svg https://img.shields.io/pypi/l/pipenv.svg https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/pipenv.svg
Pipenv is a tool that aims to bring the best of all packaging worlds (bundler, composer, npm, cargo, yarn, etc.) to the Python world. Windows is a first-class citizen, in our world.
It automatically creates and manages a virtualenv for your projects, as well as adds/removes packages from your Pipfile
as you install/uninstall packages. It also generates the ever-important Pipfile.lock
, which is used to produce deterministic builds.
Pipenv is primarily meant to provide users and developers of applications with an easy method to setup a working environment. For the distinction between libraries and applications and the usage of setup.py
vs Pipfile
to define dependencies, see ☤ Pipfile vs setup.py.
a short animation of pipenv at work The problems that Pipenv seeks to solve are multi-faceted:
- You no longer need to use
pip
andvirtualenv
separately. They work together. - Managing a
requirements.txt
file can be problematic, so Pipenv usesPipfile
andPipfile.lock
to separate abstract dependency declarations from the last tested combination. - Hashes are used everywhere, always. Security. Automatically expose security vulnerabilities.
- Strongly encourage the use of the latest versions of dependencies to minimize security risks arising from outdated components.
- Give you insight into your dependency graph (e.g.
$ pipenv graph
). - Streamline development workflow by loading
.env
files.
You can quickly play with Pipenv right in your browser:
Install Pipenv Today!
If you already have Python and pip, you can easily install Pipenv into your home directory:
$ pip install --user pipenv
Or, if you’re using Fedora 28:
$ sudo dnf install pipenv
It’s possible to install Pipenv with Homebrew on MacOS, or with Linuxbrew on Linux systems. However, this is now discouraged, because updates to the brewed Python distribution will break Pipenv, and perhaps all virtual environments managed by it. You’ll then need to re-install Pipenv at least. If you want to give it a try despite this warning, use:
$ brew install pipenv
More detailed installation instructions can be found in the ☤ Installing Pipenv chapter.
✨🍰✨
User Testimonials
- David Gang—
- This package manager is really awesome. For the first time I know exactly what my dependencies are which I installed and what the transitive dependencies are. Combined with the fact that installs are deterministic, makes this package manager first class, like cargo.
- Justin Myles Holmes—
- Pipenv is finally an abstraction meant to engage the mind instead of merely the filesystem.
☤ Pipenv Features
- Enables truly deterministic builds, while easily specifying only what you want.
- Generates and checks file hashes for locked dependencies.
- Automatically install required Pythons, if
pyenv
is available. - Automatically finds your project home, recursively, by looking for a
Pipfile
. - Automatically generates a
Pipfile
, if one doesn’t exist. - Automatically creates a virtualenv in a standard location.
- Automatically adds/removes packages to a
Pipfile
when they are installed or uninstalled. - Automatically loads
.env
files, if they exist.
The main commands are install
, uninstall
, and lock
, which generates a Pipfile.lock
. These are intended to replace $ pip install
usage, as well as manual virtualenv management (to activate a virtualenv, run $ pipenv shell
).
Basic Concepts
- A virtualenv will automatically be created, when one doesn’t exist.
- When no parameters are passed to
install
, all packages[packages]
specified will be installed. - To initialize a Python 3 virtual environment, run
$ pipenv --three
. - To initialize a Python 2 virtual environment, run
$ pipenv --two
. - Otherwise, whatever virtualenv defaults to will be the default.
Other Commands
graph
will show you a dependency graph of your installed dependencies.shell
will spawn a shell with the virtualenv activated. This shell can be deactivated by usingexit
.run
will run a given command from the virtualenv, with any arguments forwarded (e.g.$ pipenv run python
or$ pipenv run pip freeze
).check
checks for security vulnerabilities and asserts that PEP 508 requirements are being met by the current environment.
Further Documentation Guides
- Basic Usage of Pipenv
- ☤ Example Pipfile & Pipfile.lock
- ☤ General Recommendations & Version Control
- ☤ Example Pipenv Workflow
- ☤ Example Pipenv Upgrade Workflow
- ☤ Importing from requirements.txt
- ☤ Specifying Versions of a Package
- ☤ Specifying Versions of Python
- ☤ Editable Dependencies (e.g.
-e .
) - ☤ Environment Management with Pipenv
- ☤ About Shell Configuration
- ☤ A Note about VCS Dependencies
- ☤ Pipfile.lock Security Features
- Advanced Usage of Pipenv
- ☤ Caveats
- ☤ Specifying Package Indexes
- ☤ Using a PyPI Mirror
- ☤ Injecting credentials into Pipfiles via environment variables
- ☤ Specifying Basically Anything
- ☤ Using pipenv for Deployments
- ☤ Pipenv and Other Python Distributions
- ☤ Generating a
requirements.txt
- ☤ Detection of Security Vulnerabilities
- ☤ Community Integrations
- ☤ Open a Module in Your Editor
- ☤ Automatic Python Installation
- ☤ Automatic Loading of
.env
- ☤ Custom Script Shortcuts
- ☤ Configuration With Environment Variables
- ☤ Custom Virtual Environment Location
- ☤ Testing Projects
- ☤ Shell Completion
- ☤ Working with Platform-Provided Python Components
- ☤ Pipfile vs setup.py
- ☤ Changing Pipenv’s Cache Location
- ☤ Changing Default Python Versions
- Pipenv CLI Reference
- Frequently Encountered Pipenv Problems
- ☤ Your dependencies could not be resolved
- ☤ No module named
- ☤ My pyenv-installed Python is not found
- ☤ Pipenv does not respect pyenv’s global and local Python versions
- ☤ ValueError: unknown locale: UTF-8
- ☤ /bin/pip: No such file or directory
- ☤
shell
does not show the virtualenv’s name in prompt - ☤ Pipenv does not respect dependencies in setup.py
- ☤ Using
pipenv run
in Supervisor program - ☤ An exception is raised during
Locking dependencies...